In this post we discussed how to set up system-wide defaults using GSettings schema overrides. This works great but we recently ran into a situation where this was not possible because the schema we wanted to modify was “relocatable”. Trying to modify such a schema without specifying a DConf path results in the following error:

$ gsettings set org.compiz.opengl sync-to-vblank true
Schema 'org.compiz.opengl' is relocatable (path must be specified)

The correct way to change a relocatable schema is by appending the path, as the error message above states. For example:

$ gsettings get org.compiz.opengl:/apps/compiz-1/plugins/opengl/screen0/options/sync_to_vblank/ sync-to-vblank
true

(Note the “:/apps/compiz-1/plugins/opengl/screen0/options/sync_to_vblank/ after the schema name; this is the path to the preference.)

The problem with this approach is that either by design or because it is a bug, it is not possible to write a schema override file that includes a DConf path. This Ubuntu bug seems to imply that this is a bug.

Another way to accomplish a system-wide default is by going to a lower level than GSettings and configuring DConf directly. It is probably better to use GSettings but in this particular case we had no option.

Here’s what we did:

First, we created the file /etc/dconf/profile/user with the following contents:

user-db:user
system-db:system-wide

Next, we created the directory /etc/dconf/db/system-wide.d and the file /etc/dconf/db/system-wide.d/00_compiz_site_settings with the following contents:

[org/compiz/profiles/unity/plugins/opengl]
enable-x11-sync=false

We then ran the command “dconf update” (as root) which created the DConf database /etc/dconf/db/system-wide (a binary file).

This causes the “opengl” Compiz plugin preference “enable-x11-sync” to be set to “false” for all users in the system.

References

This blog post from Ross Burton has a good discussion on how to set system-wide settings using GSettings: http://www.burtonini.com/blog/computers/gsettings-override-2011-07-04-15-45. It would have been a good reference to provide in my previous post but we missed it when we wrote that post.

The dconf System Administrator Guide is a fantastic reference to understand how to set system-wide defaults using DConf. One thing that was not clear to use after reading this document was that of DConf profile selection — the explanation above uses the file /etc/dconf/profiles/user because if no other DConf profile is selected (via the DCONF_PROFILE environment variable) then the profile called “user” is the one that is opened.

This post by Matt Fischer was extremely useful to understand how things work with DConf. Based on this post is that we realized we needed to use a profile called “user”.

Finally, this askubuntu.com question has very good insight into the differences between DConf and GSettings.

The Information Technology folks at the place I work enabled IPv6 a few months ago. Things worked great for a while but I recently noticed that I was not able to reach the IPv6 Internet. A quick investigation showed that IT disabled IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC) and enabled DHCPv6:

router>sh ipv6 interface vlan 320 
Vlan320 is up, line protocol is up
  IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::208:E3FF:FEFF:FD90 
  No Virtual link-local address(es):
  Description: data320
  Global unicast address(es):
    20xx:xxx:xxx:xxx::1, subnet is 20xx:xxx:xxx:xxx::/64 
  Joined group address(es):
    FF02::1
    FF02::2
    FF02::A
    FF02::D
    FF02::16
    FF02::FB
    FF02::1:2
    FF02::1:FF00:1
    FF02::1:FFFF:FD90
  MTU is 1500 bytes
  ICMP error messages limited to one every 100 milliseconds
  ICMP redirects are disabled
  ICMP unreachables are disabled
  Input features: Verify Unicast Reverse-Path
  Output features: MFIB Adjacency HW Shortcut Installation
  Post_Encap features: HW shortcut
 IPv6 verify source reachable-via any
   0 verification drop(s) (process), 0 (CEF)
   9 suppressed verification drop(s) (process), 9 (CEF)
  ND DAD is enabled, number of DAD attempts: 1
  ND reachable time is 30000 milliseconds (using 30000)
  ND advertised reachable time is 0 (unspecified)
  ND advertised retransmit interval is 0 (unspecified)
  ND router advertisements are sent every 200 seconds
  ND router advertisements live for 1800 seconds
  ND advertised default router preference is Medium
  Hosts use DHCP to obtain routable addresses.
router>

Note the “Hosts use DHCP to obtain routable addresses” message — it used to be “Hosts use stateless autoconfig for addresses”.

I am using NetworkManager on Ubuntu 14.10 to manage my network configuration. The version of NetworkManager on Ubuntu 14.10 is 0.9.8.8-0ubuntu28. The IPv6 configuration methods available for NetworkManager can be seen in the following screenshot:

When SLAAC was enabled, I had my network interface configured using the “Automatic” IPv6 configuration method. After IT switched to DHCPv6 this setting prevented my computer from getting an IPv6 address.

After switching to the “Automatic, DHCP only” method I was able to obtain an IPv6 address.

Unfortunately, it seems like the version of NetworkManager in Ubuntu 14.10 has a bug that prevents the installation of a default route (which is not obtained via DHCPv6 but via Neighbor Discovery Router Advertisement messages). The root cause of the bug seems to be that NetworkManager instructs the kernel to ignore Router Advertisement messages. It looks like this bug is fixed in NetworkManager versions 0.9.10.0 and later, but I decided to just live in an IPv4 at work instead of trying to backport the fix to NetworkManager 0.9.8, or trying to build NetworkManager 0.9.10.0 or later for Ubuntu 14.10.

Note: This blog post was helpful for me to understand what was happening: http://mor-pah.net/2012/11/06/cisco-ios-disabling-ipv6-stateless-autoconfig/.

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